Understand what an alkyl group is in organic chemistry with its definition, general formula, types, and examples. These 2025 chemistry notes are perfect for IX, X, and XI students learning the basics of hydrocarbons.
Quick Summary
Definition:
An alkyl group is a group of atoms derived from an alkane by removing one hydrogen atom.
General Formula:
👉 CnH₂n+1
Examples:
CH₃– (Methyl)
C₂H₅– (Ethyl)
C₃H₇– (Propyl)
C₄H₉– (Butyl)
Types of Alkyl Groups:
Primary (1°): Carbon attached to one other carbon
Secondary (2°): Carbon attached to two other carbons
Tertiary (3°): Carbon attached to three other carbons
Use:
Alkyl groups act as substituents in organic compounds like alcohols, halides, and alkanes.
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