Problems on Atomic number, mass number, no of fundamental particles

 

Q1. The numbers of electrons, protons and neutrons in a monoatomic specie are equal to 36, 35 and 45 respectively. Assign proper symbol.

Solution                      Dr Inam Ul Haq Jazbi

Given;                   

No. of electrons = 36,      

No. of protons = 35,        

No. of neutrons =45

Required;            

Identify specie = ?

Identification of Specie (Z and charge)  

Dr Inam Ul Haq Jazbi

Number of protons = atomic number = 35

The specie must be either Br (bromine) atom or bromine ion as it has Z = 35.

Since number of electrons given 36 which is one unit greater than the number of protons, hence the given specie must be anion with 1- charge.

Charge on specie = Z – number of electrons = 35 – 36 = 1-

 

Identification of Mass number (Z + N)                    

Dr Inam Ul Haq Jazbi

Atomic mass number (A) = Z + N = 35 + 45 = 80

Result

Hence the specie is 



Q2.  The numbers of electrons, protons and neutrons in a monoatomic specie are equal to 18, 16 and 16 respectively. Assign proper symbol.

Solution                      Dr Inam Ul Haq Jazbi

Given;                   

No. of electrons = 18,      

No. of protons = 16,        

No. of neutrons = 16

Required;            

Identify specie = ?

 

Identification of Specie (Z and charge)                   

Dr Inam Ul Haq Jazbi

Number of protons = atomic number = 16

The specie must be either S (sulphur) atom or sulphur ion as it has Z = 15.

Since number of electrons given 18 which is two units greater than the number of protons, hence the given specie must be anion with 2- charge.

Charge on specie = Z – number of electrons = 16 – 18 = 2-

Identification of Mass number (Z+N)

Atomic mass number (A) = Z + N = 16 + 16 = 32

Result

Hence the specie is



Q3. Find the number of electrons, protons and neutrons in fluorine atom, fluorine molecule and fluoride ion. The  atomic number and mass number of fluorine are 9 and 19 respectively.

Solution                                              Dr Inam Ul Haq Jazbi






Q4. An isotope of atomic mass 24 had 12 neutrons in its nucleus. What is its atomic number? Represent the isootpe in symbolic form.

Solution                                              Dr Inam Ul Haq Jazbi





Q5. An element with three stable isotopes has 82 protons. The separate isotopes contain 124, 125, and 126                 neutrons. Identify the element and write symbols for the isotopes.

Given:            

number of protons and neutrons

Asked for:    

element and atomic symbol

Strategy:

Refer to the periodic table and use the number of protons to identify the element.

Calculate the mass number of each isotope by adding together the numbers of protons and neutrons.

Give the symbol of each isotope with the mass number as the superscript and the number of protons as the subscript, both written to the left of the symbol of the element.

 

Solution

Part A;  The element with 82 protons (atomic number of 82) is lead: Pb.

Part B; 

For the first isotope,       A = 82 protons + 124 neutrons = 206.

For the second isotope; A = 82 + 125 = 207 and

For the third isotope;     A = 82 + 126 = 208

The symbols for these isotopes are   




which also can also be symbolized as 

Pb-206, Pb-207, and Pb-208. 



Q6.      What is the mass number of a phosphorous atom with 16 neutrons? 

Solution           Dr Inam Ul Haq Jazbi





Q7.  How many protons, neutrons, and electrons are in As-74 atom?

Solution               Dr Inam Ul Haq Jazbi





Q8. The mass no. of chlorine atom is 35 and the atomic no. is 17. Find the number of neutrons present in the chlorine atom.

Solution:                      Dr Inam Ul Haq Jazbi

Mass No. (A)      = 35

Atomic No (Z)     = 17

Formula

Mass No (A) = Atomic No (Z) + no. of neutrons (n)

n = Mass no – Atomic no

n= 35 – 17 = 18

Therefore, the no. of neutrons present in the chlorine atom is 18.

 

Q9. The number of electrons presents in the calcium atom is 20 and the no. of neutrons present is 20. Find the atomic no. and the mass no of the calcium atom.

Solution:          Dr Inam Ul Haq Jazbi

Given;                   

No. of electrons = 20,      

No. of neutrons = 20

Required;            

Atomic number = ? ,        Mass number = ?

 

Finding Atomic Number            Dr Inam Ul Haq Jazbi

Atomic number (Z) = Number of protons = number of electrons (in neutral atom) = 20

Finding Mass Number

mass no = Atomic no (or no of protons) + No. of neutrons 

              = 20 + 20 = 40

 

Q10.The atomic nucleus of an atom has a mass number of 23 and has 12 neutrons inside its nucleus. Calculate its                 atomic number. Identify the element.

Solution

Given;                  

Mass Number = 23, 

No. of neutrons =12

Required;            

Atomic number = ?

 

Finding Atomic Number            Dr Inam Ul Haq Jazbi

Mass no = Atomic number (No. of protons) + No. of neutrons

Atomic number = Mass no. – No. of neutrons = 23 – 12 = 11

Atomic No 11 is for element sodium (Na)

 

Q11. Two elements A and B have no. of neutrons have 20 and 14 and no. of protons have 18 and 20. Which will have more mass number?

Solution           Dr Inam Ul Haq Jazbi

Given                   

For element A;  No. of protons = 18,  No. of neutrons = 20

For element B; No. of protons = 20,   No. of neutrons = 14      

Required;            

Comparing Mass numbers of A and B = ?

Formula               Dr Inam Ul Haq Jazbi

Mass number = number of protons + number of neutrons

 

Finding Mass Number   Dr Inam Ul Haq Jazbi

For element A:  Mass no. of element A = 18 + 20 = 38

For element B:  Mass no. of element B = 20 + 14 = 34

Therefore, the Element A has more mass no. than element B.


Q12. How many protons, neutrons, electrons and nucleons are in atom?

Solution               Dr Inam Ul Haq Jazbi





Q13.    How many protons, neutrons, electrons and nucleons are in atom?

Solution               Dr Inam Ul Haq Jazbi





Q14.    How many protons, neutrons, electrons and nucleons are in atom?

Solution               Dr Inam Ul Haq Jazbi





No comments:

Post a Comment

Search This Blog

IX Chemistry Guess Paper 2025

Search This Blog